Dr. C.B.Choudhary

Instant-runoff voting (IRV; US: ranked-choice voting (RCV), AU: preferential voting, UK/NZ: alternative vote) is a single-winner ranked voting election system where multi-round eliminations is used to simulate a series of runoff elections. When no candidate has a majority of the votes in the first round of counting, in each following round, the candidate with the fewest first-preferences (among the remaining candidates) is eliminated, and their votes transferred if possible. This continues until one candidate accumulates a majority of the votes still in play.

Instant runoff voting falls under the plurality-based voting rule family, in that under certain conditions the candidate with the least votes (by plurality) is eliminated,^[1] making use of secondary rankings as contingency votes. Thus it is related to the two-round runoff system and the exhaustive ballot.^[2][3] IRV could also be seen as a single-winner equivalent of single transferable voting.